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BH.oM.LifeCycleAssessment.MaterialFragments.ClimateChangeFossilMetric

Climate Change - Fossil, measured in kg CO2 eq (Carbon Dioxide equivalent, also referred to as embodied carbon), refers to fossil fuel based compounds (formed from the decomposition of carbon based organisms) that contribute to global warming. This environmental indicator forms part of an Environmental Product Declaration and should be evaluated based on the Quantity Type stated on the Environmental Product Declaration.

Class structure

Implemented interfaces and base types

The ClimateChangeFossilMetric is inheriting from the following base type(s) and implements the following interfaces:

Properties

Defining properties

The following properties are defined on the class

Name Type Description Quantity
Indicators Dictionary<Module, double> Set of factors per module.
This is a dynamic collection that stores the optional properties defined below.		 ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]

Optional properties

The following properties are optional and can be included on a object definition in any combination

Name Type Description Quantity
A0 double Activities in A0 include, but are not limited to, non-physical processes before construction such as preliminary studies, impact assessments, risk assessments, stakeholder engagement, design and technical studies, product/material tests, site surveys and acquisition of land and design.
This LCA module is specific to RICS Professional Standard, Whole Life Carbon Assessment for the Built Environment (2023).		 ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
A1 double The A1 module is part of the A1-A3 product stage and consists of raw material extraction and supply. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
A2 double The A2 module is part of the A1-A3 product stage and relates to all transport during the product stage. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
A3 double The A3 module is part of the A1-A3 product stage and relates to all manufacturing during the product stage. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
A1toA3 double Full Product stage - Sum of modules A1, A2 and A3, including raw material extraction, transport during production and manufacturing. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
A4 double Module A4 captures the impacts associated with the transportation of the materials and components from the factory gate to and from the project site. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
A5 double Module A5 captures the carbon impacts arising from any on-site construction-related activities and consists of several sub-modules: A5.1 Pre-construction demolition (if applicable), A5.2 Construction activities, A5.3 Waste and waste management, and A5.4 Worker transport (optional). ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
A5_1 double Module A5.1 Pre-construction demolition consists of demolition/deconstruction of existing buildings and structures, and/or parts thereof, including transport from site and waste processing of removed materials. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
A5_2 double Module A5.2 Construction activities consists of site preparation; temporary works; ground works; connection to utilities; transport and onsite storage of construction products, materials and equipment; onsite production/assembly of products; works for the installation and ancillary materials (e.g. formworks and their disposal); heating/cooling/ventilation of site facilities; energy and water use for construction processes and landscaping. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
A5_3 double Module A5.3 Waste and waste management consists of production, transportation, storage and end-of-life treatment and disposal of any material/waste onsite; transport, waste management and disposal of packing materials. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
A5_4 double Module A5.4 Worker transport consists of emissions of site workers travelling to and from site. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B1 double Module B1 captures the non-energy-related impacts during the life of a built asset arising from its components and consists of two sub-modules, B1.1 In-use: material emissions and removals and B1.2 In-use: fugitive emissions (refrigerants). ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B1_1 double Module B1.1 In-use: material emissions and removals consists of Release from materials of gases with GWP, e.g. blowing agents from insulation; reabsorption of CO2 into products containing lime and cement through carbonation, and removals from vegetation. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B1_2 double Module B1.2 In-use: fugitive emissions (refrigerants) consists of the accidental release of refrigerants with GWP from MEP equipment such as cooling systems and heat pumps. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B2 double Module B2 Maintenance impacts must account for the carbon impacts from any activities relating to maintenance processes, including cleaning, as well as any relevant products used and waste produced over the reference study period. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B3 double Module B3 Repair impacts must take into account carbon impacts from all activities that relate to repair processes, and any products used and waste produced over the reference study period. All impacts from the production, transportation to and from site, and installation of the repaired items must be included. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B1toB3 double Use, Maintenance and Repair modules in the Use stage - Sum of modules B1, B2 and B3. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B4 double Module B4 Replacement impacts must take into account any carbon impacts associated with the anticipated replacement of built asset components, including any impacts from the replacement process, over the reference study period. All impacts from the production, transportation to site and installation of the replacement items must be included, as well as any losses during these processes, as well as any impacts associated with the removal and end-of-life treatment of replaced items. Module B4 consists of two sub-modules, B4.1 Replacement of construction products, components and systems and B4.2 B4.2 Replacement of industrial systems (if applicable for infrastructure). ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B4_1 double Module B4.1 Replacement of construction products, components and systems, consists of replacement, including manufacture, transport and installation of new, like-for-like products, components or systems, as well as the deconstruction and waste treatment of removed products, components and systems. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B4_2 double Module B4.2 Replacement of industrial systems (if applicable for infrastructure) consists of replacement of industrial systems, including manufacture, transport and installation of new, like-for-like systems, as well as the deconstruction and waste treatment of removed systems. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B5 double Module B5 Impacts from retrofit/refurbishment/planned changes consists of All impacts arising from the production, transport to site and installation of the components used for a change or refurbishment planned prior to project completion, but undertaken during the in-use stage. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B4toB5 double Replacement and Refurbishment modules in the Use stage - Sum of modules B4 and B5. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B1toB5 double Full Use Stage except operational energy and Water use - Sum of modules B1, B2, B3, B4 and B5. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B6 double Module B6 Operational energy use consists of carbon emissions from all operational energy use by a building or infrastructure asset over its life cycle. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B7 double Module B7 Operational water use consists of the carbon impacts from water use during the operation of the built asset over its life cycle and consists of 3 sub-modules: B7.1 Water used by integrated systems, B7.2 Water used by other integrated systems, and B7.3 Water used by non-integrated systems. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B1toB7 double Full Use Stage - Sum of modules B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6 and B7. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B7_1 double Module B7.1 Water used by integrated systems consists of Water for sanitation, cooking and drinking; irrigation of associated landscape areas, green roofs and walls; and heating, cooling, ventilation and humidification systems. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B7_2 double Module B7.2 Water used by other integrated systems consists of water used by fountains, swimming pools and saunas. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B7_3 double Module B7.3 Water used by non-integrated systems consists of water used for dishwashers, washing machines and washing cars. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B8 double Module B8 User activities in buildings covers impacts associated with user activities taking place during the operation of buildings that are not covered by B1-B7. There are 3 sub-modules to B8 including: B8.1 Energy-related impacts associated with building user mobility/ transport not covered in B6, such as user mobility/ commuting to a building (optional), B8.2 Energy-related impacts associated with building user charging of electric vehicles on-site (optional), and B8.3 Other energy related impacts associated with building user activities relating to the building’s intended use, such as upstream embodied impacts of consumables used in the building, e.g. stationery and printing paper for an office (optional). ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B8_1 double Module B8.1 consists of energy-related impacts associated with building user mobility/ transport not covered in B6, such as user mobility/ commuting to a building (optional). ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B8_2 double Module B8.2 consists of energy-related impacts associated with building user charging of electric vehicles on-site (optional). ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
B8_3 double Module B8.3 consists of other energy related impacts associated with building user activities relating to the building's intended use, such as upstream embodied impacts of consumables used in the building, e.g. stationery and printing paper for an office (optional). ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
C1 double Module C1 Deconstruction and demolition impacts consists of the impacts arising from any on- or offsite deconstruction and demolition activities at the end of life of the asset, including any energy consumption for site accommodation and plant use. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
C2 double Module C2 Transport impacts consists of any carbon impacts associated with the transportation of material from deconstruction and demolition to the appropriate final location, including any interim stations. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
C3 double Module C3 Waste processing for reuse, recycling or other recovery consists of materials and/or components that are intended to be reused, recycled or recovered after the RSP of the asset, any impacts associated with their preparation for reuse, waste treatment and recovery prior to reaching the end-of-waste state. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
C4 double Module C4 Disposal impacts consists of impacts resulting from any processing required prior to disposal and from the degradation of landfilled materials, or incineration without energy recovery or in a plant without R1 status (Energy Efficiency Formula standard, according to the Waste Framework Directive, less than 65%). This is only applicable for items not being recovered for reuse, recycling or other recovery. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
C3toC4 double Waste Processing and disposal modules in the End of Life stage - Sum of Modules C3 and C4. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
C1toC4 double Full End of Life stage- Sum of Modules C1, C2, C3 and C4. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
D double Module D consists of benefits and loads beyond the system boundary and consists of two sub-modules D1 potential benefits and loads from reuse, recycling and energy recovery from the net output flows of materials exiting the system boundary, and/or from other recovery (e.g. from incineration or from use of captured landfill gas) and D2 potential benefits and loads from exported utilities exiting the system boundary. ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
D_1 double Module D1 covers the potential loads and benefits from reusing or recycling materials and components at end of life, or from any energy recovered from them at end of life (e.g. energy from waste, incineration or use of captured landfill gas).
Module D1 is relevant to any end-of-life output from the asset during construction (module A5); maintenance, repair, replacement and refurbishment (modules B2-B5); and from waste treatment and disposal (modules C3 and C4).
It also includes loads and benefits associated with the deconstruction/demolition activities of existing assets on the site, assessed in module A5.1. Module D1 must be communicated separately, as it mainly occurs beyond the RSP and outside the system boundary of the project being assessed, and also includes inherent uncertainty regarding the future treatment of building components.		 ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]
D_2 double Module D2 indicates that if a building generates more energy than it uses over the course of the year, this 'exported' energy is reported as part of module B6 for buildings (see Appendix G2).
For infrastructure that generates energy or produces other utilities, these are reported as exported utilities as part of B8. For both buildings and infrastructure assets, any benefit from these exported utilities (e.g. the avoided impact of grid electricity generation for exported electricity) is reported in D2.		 ClimateChangePerQuantity [kg CO2 eq per unit]

Inherited properties

The following properties are inherited from the base class of the object

Name Type Description Quantity
BHoM_Guid Guid - -
Name string - -
Fragments FragmentSet - -
Tags HashSet<string> - -
CustomData Dictionary<string, object> - -

Derived properties

The following properties are defined as extension methods in one of the BHoM_Engines

Name Type Description Quantity Engine
ATotal double Gets the total sum of values from all A-modules (A1-A5) with a set value (all values not NaN). - LifeCycleAssessment_Engine
BTotal double Gets the total sum of values from all B-modules (B1-B7) with a set value (all values not NaN). - LifeCycleAssessment_Engine
CTotal double Gets the total sum of values from all C-modules (C1-C4) with a set value (all values not NaN). - LifeCycleAssessment_Engine
IMetricType MetricType - - LifeCycleAssessment_Engine
Total double Gets the total sum of values from all modules with a set value (all values not NaN). - LifeCycleAssessment_Engine

Code and Schema

C# implementation

C#
public class ClimateChangeFossilMetric : BH.oM.Base.BHoMObject,
BH.oM.Base.IBHoMObject,
BH.oM.Base.IObject,
BH.oM.LifeCycleAssessment.MaterialFragments.IEnvironmentalMetric,
BH.oM.LifeCycleAssessment.Interfaces.ILifeCycleAssessmentModuleData<System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<BH.oM.LifeCycleAssessment.Module, System.Double>>,
BH.oM.LifeCycleAssessment.Interfaces.ILifeCycleAssessmentIndicator,
BH.oM.Base.IDynamicObject

Assembly: LifeCycleAssessment_oM.dll

The C# class definition is available on github:

All history and changes of the class can be found by inspection the history.

JSON Schema implementation

The object is defined as a JSON schema. You can validate a JSON instance against this schema by reference. To do this, use the schema reference below in a validator like this one.

JSON Schema
{
 "$ref" : "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BHoM/BHoM_JSONSchema/develop/LifeCycleAssessment_oM/MaterialFragments/ClimateChangeFossilMetric.json"
}

The JSON Schema is available on github here: